安装环境
Remote: CentOS 7.4 x64 (django.example.com)
Python: Python3.6.5
Django: Django 2.0.4
nWSGI: uwsgi-2.0.15
Nginx: nginx- 1.10.2-1.el6
一. 系统环境配置
1.关闭iptables和selinux
# su - root
# service iptables stop
# setenforce 0
# vi /etc/sysconfig/selinux
修改
SELINUX=disabled
2.添加本地host DNS
# vi /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 django.example.com
二. Python配置
1.安装python3.6.5源及依赖包
# yum install epel-release -y
# yum groupinstall "Development tools" -y
# yum install zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel zx-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel gdbm-devel db4-devel libpcap-devel -y
2.编译安装python3.6.5以及pip package manager
# wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.6.5/Python-3.6.5.tar.xz --no-check-certificate
# tar xf Python-3.6.5.tar.xz
# cd Python-3.6.5
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local --with-ensurepip=install --enable-shared LDFLAGS="-Wl,-rpath /usr/local/lib"
# make && make altinstall
3.安装virtualenv
# pip3.6 install --upgrade pip
# pip3.6 install virtualenv
三. Nginx配置
1. 安装nginx package
# yum install nginx -y
2.配置nginx with nWSGI
# vi /etc/nginx/conf.d/django.conf
server {
listen 80;
server_name django.example.com;
charset utf-8;
access_log /var/log/nginx/django_access.log;
error_log /var/log/nginx/django_error.log;
location = /favicon.ico { access_log off; log_not_found off; }
location /static/ {
root /usr/share/nginx/html/django.example.com;
}
client_max_body_size 20M;
location / {
include uwsgi_params;
uwsgi_pass unix:/etc/uwsgi/uwsgi-django.sock;
uwsgi_read_timeout 30s;
uwsgi_send_timeout 30s;
}
}
四. Django+uWSGI配置
1. uWSGI配置
# mkdir -p /etc/uwsgi
# vi /etc/uwsgi/uwsgi-django.ini
[uwsgi]
project = django.example.com
base = /data/www
chdir = %(base)/%(project)
home = %(base)/%(project)/.py3env
module = myproject.wsgi:application
pidfile = /tmp/uwsgi-master-django.pid
master = true
processes = 2
enable-threads = true
# use unix socket because it is more secure and faster than TCP socket
socket = /etc/uwsgi/uwsgi-django.sock
chmod-socket = 660
uid = nginx
gid = nginx
vacuum = true
die-on-term = true
logto = /var/log/nginx/uwsgi-django.log
socket :地址和端口号,例如:socket = 127.0.0.1:50000
processes :开启的进程数量
workers :开启的进程数量,等同于processes(官网的说法是spawn the specified number of workers / processes)
chdir :指定运行目录(chdir to specified directory before apps loading)
wsgi-file :载入wsgi-file(load .wsgi file)
stats :在指定的地址上,开启状态服务(enable the stats server on the specified address)
threads :运行线程。由于GIL的存在,我觉得这个真心没啥用。(run each worker in prethreaded mode with the specified number of threads)
master :允许主进程存在(enable master process)
daemonize :使进程在后台运行,并将日志打到指定的日志文件或者udp服务器(daemonize uWSGI)。实际上最常用的,还是把运行记录输出到一个本地文件上。
log-maxsize :以固定的文件大小(单位KB),切割日志文件。例如:log-maxsize = 50000000 就是50M一个日志文件。
pidfile :指定pid文件的位置,记录主进程的pid号。
vacuum :当服务器退出的时候自动清理环境,删除unix socket文件和pid文件(try to remove all of the generated file/sockets)
disable-logging :不记录请求信息的日志。只记录错误以及uWSGI内部消息到日志中。如果不开启这项,那么你的日志中会大量出现这种记录:
[pid: 347|app: 0|req: 106/367] 117.116.122.172 () {52 vars in 961 bytes} [Thu Jul 7 19:20:56 2016] POST /post => generated 65 bytes in 6 msecs (HTTP/1.1 200) 2 headers in 88 bytes (1 switches on core 0)
log-maxsize: 日志大小,当大于这个大小会进行切分 (Byte)
log-truncate: 当启动时切分日志
2. 配置Django base folder
# cd /usr/share/nginx/html
# mkdir django.example.com
# cd django.example.com
# virtualenv -p /usr/local/bin/python3 .py3env
3. 开启virtualenv python3环境
# source .py3env/bin/activate
4. 在此环境安装Django相关模块
# pip install django uwsgi PyMySQL
5. 创建uWSGI启动脚本
# mkdir -p /etc/uwsgi/bin
# vi /etc/systemd/system/uwsgi-django.service
[Unit]
Description=uWSGI instance to serve myproject
[Service]
BASE=/data/www/django.example.com
ENV=$BASE/.py3env
ExecStartPre=-/usr/bin/bash -c 'chown -R nginx:nginx /etc/uwsgi'
ExecStart=/usr/bin/bash -c 'source /usr/share/nginx/html/django.example.com/.py3env/bin/activate; uwsgi --ini /etc/uwsgi/uwsgi-django.ini'
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
五. Django项目配置
1. 保证virtualenv python3环境开启
# cd /usr/share/nginx/html/django.example.com/
# source .py3env/bin/activate
2.创建一个Django项目
# django-admin startproject myproject .
3.添加static目录
# vi myproject/settings.py
末行添加:
STATIC_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, "static/")
4.创建本地SQLlite文件
Tip:这里使用SQLlite代替其他数据库作为我们项目的DB
# ./manage.py makemigrations
# ./manage.py migrate
5.创建项目管理员账户
# ./manage.py createsuperuser
6.生成项目静态文件目录
# ./manage.py collectstatic
7.修改wsgi入口文件
# vi myproject/wsgi.py
import os
import sys
os.environ.setdefault("DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE", "myproject.settings")
sys.path.append('/usr/share/nginx/html/django.example.com')
from django.core.wsgi import get_wsgi_application
application = get_wsgi_application()
8.添加ALLOWED_HOSTS
# vi myproject/settings.py
ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['django.example.com']
9. 修改权限(可执行并保持与nginx启动user一致)
# chmod -R 755 /etc/uwsgi
# chown -R nginx:nginx /etc/uwsgi
# chmod -R 755 /usr/share/nginx/html/django.example.com
# chown -R nginx:nginx /usr/share/nginx/html/django.example.com
10.启动nginx+uwsgi
# systemctl restart nginx
# systemctl restart uwsgi-django
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